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Electricity: Circuits and their Components

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A torch will not turn on. Is the lamp broken? Is the cell, the part that powers it, worn out? Or is the loop, the path electricity follows, broken?

A lamp lights only when the loop has no gap.

This is Chapter 3 in your NCERT book.

Its name is Electricity: Circuits and their Components.

What you will learn

  • The loop must be closed. A gap stops the lamp.
  • A switch opens and closes the gap.
  • Some things let electricity through. Some do not.
  • A drawing uses the same marks everywhere.
  • Cells joined the right way make a battery.
  • One loop, one break, and every lamp goes dark.
  • Use only cells for experiments.
  • An LED must be joined the right way round.
  • A cell and a wall socket give two kinds of current.
  • A dark lamp has a reason. Find it.

Need a quick catch-up?

Two lessons help. Open one if it feels shaky.

  • Which things a magnet pulls (in Exploring Magnets).
  • Choosing the right material (in Materials Around Us).

Stay safe

Every experiment here uses small torch cells. An adult stays beside you. Never experiment with mains electricity, the supply in wall sockets.

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This track

  1. 0 Start here
  2. 1 The loop has to be unbroken
  3. 2 A switch is a gap you can close
  4. 3 Some things let the loop through
  5. 4 A drawing everyone reads the same way
  6. 5 Two or more cells make a battery
  7. 6 One loop, one break, everything stops
  8. 7 Cells are for experiments
  9. 8 Checkpoint: loops, switches, parts and safety
  10. 9 An LED has a right way round
  11. 10 Two kinds of electricity
  12. 11 Why a lamp may stay dark
  13. 12 Checkpoint: LEDs, kinds of current and faults
  14. 13 The big picture
  15. 14 Track quiz

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