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Predicting What Comes Next: Exploring Sequences and Progressions

Track quiz

Nine ideas, nine checks. Look at the table as often as you like.

Nine rules worth checking before you say what comes next
IdeaHow it goes
A rule, not a guessA rule must fit every join, not only the first.
Looking backA recursive rule needs a first term to begin.
Jumping thereAn explicit rule gives any term from its position.
The same stepAn AP has tₙ = a + (n − 1)d.
Adding the first nTwo copies fill a rectangle n × (n + 1).
The same multiplierA GP has tₙ = a × rⁿ⁻¹.
Stage countsStage n of the Sierpiński triangle has 3ⁿ triangles.
A tower and a countEach size takes twice the last, plus one.
Does it really fitTwo rules can share three terms and part at the fourth.

What makes a rule more than a lucky guess?

  • The numbers rise from one term to the next
  • The list shows the pattern three times
  • One rule fits every join

A recursive rule says "double the term before". No first term is given. What can it build?

  • Nothing, because there is no term to look back at
  • Every doubling from 2 onward
  • Only the second term

The rule is tₙ = 3n + 2. Which position holds 137?

  • Position 44
  • Position 45
  • Position 46

An AP starts at 5 and adds 3 at every step. What is its 10th term?

  • 35, from 5 + 10 × 3
  • 30, from 3 × 10
  • 32, from 5 + 9 × 3

What is 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 100?

  • 5050, from 100 × 101 ÷ 2
  • 10100, from 100 × 101
  • 5000, from 100 × 50

A GP starts at 2 with common ratio 3. What is its 5th term?

  • 2 × 3⁵ = 486
  • 2 × 3⁴ = 162
  • 2 + 3 × 4 = 14

A list multiplies by 1/2 at every step, starting at 48. What does it do?

  • It grows, because multiplying beats adding
  • It stays level
  • It shrinks, because the ratio is between 0 and 1

How many black triangles does stage 3 of the Sierpiński triangle have?

  • 27, from 3³
  • 9, from 3²
  • 12, from 3 × 4

The list 1, 2, 4 fits two rules. One doubles. One adds 1, then 2, then 3. Which continues it?

  • Doubling, because it is simpler
  • Neither can be picked. They part at the fourth term
  • The other rule, because it follows the gaps

Chapter 8 of Ganita Manjari is Predicting What Comes Next. Bring the question you could not finish.

Next: Linear Equations in Two Variables. Two rules that must both hold at once. One pair of numbers fits them both.

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This track

  1. 0 Start here
  2. 1 A rule, not a guess
  3. 2 A rule that looks back
  4. 3 A rule that jumps straight there
  5. 4 The same step every time
  6. 5 Adding the first n
  7. 6 Checkpoint: rules, jumps and the fold
  8. 7 The same multiplier every time
  9. 8 A shape that multiplies
  10. 9 A tower and a doubling
  11. 10 Does the rule really fit?
  12. 11 Checkpoint: multipliers, stages, towers and rivals
  13. 12 The big picture
  14. 13 Track quiz

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