Track quiz
Every rule from this chapter is below, word for word. Use it to check your answers.
| Idea | Rule |
|---|---|
| Ecosystem and its parts | An ecosystem is living things plus the non-living parts they need. The living things are biotic. The non-living parts are abiotic. |
| Producers, consumers and decomposers | A producer makes its own food, using sunlight. A consumer gets food by eating plants or other animals. A decomposer feeds on dead matter and returns nutrients to the soil. |
| Food chains and webs | Each food chain starts with a producer. Each arrow points from what is eaten to what eats it. That shows which way the food goes. Real feeding is rarely one straight line. Most animals eat more than one thing. So chains cross into a food web. |
| Trophic levels | The producer is level 1. Whatever eats the producer is level 2. Whatever eats that is level 3, and so on. The same level number holds different animals in different chains. |
| Flow of energy | On average, only about a tenth passes to the next level. The rest is spent staying alive, or lost as heat. It cannot be gathered back into food. |
| Biological magnification | An animal at a higher level eats many animals below it. A chemical that cannot break down stays in its body. It builds up more at every higher level. The top of the chain holds the most. |
| Ozone depletion | The ozone layer blocks most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet rays. CFC gases rise into this layer. They break ozone molecules apart, thinning the layer. A thinner layer blocks less UV. |
| Managing garbage | Decomposers can break down biodegradable waste and return it to the soil. Non-biodegradable waste does not break down this way. Sorting the two kinds apart is the first step. |
A rock, a mushroom and a fern sit by one pond. Which is abiotic?
A garden has a mango tree, a bee and soil bacteria. Which one is the decomposer?
Between grass and a deer, which way does the arrow point?
Grass feeds a deer and also a rabbit. A lion eats the deer; a fox eats the rabbit. What does this make?
In grass → caterpillar → sparrow → cat, what trophic level is the sparrow?
Level 1 of a chain stores 6,000 J. About how much energy reaches level 3?
A chemical does not break down and builds up at every level. Which animal holds the most?
What do CFC gases do to the ozone layer?
A fruit peel and a plastic spoon go into a kitchen's waste. Which is biodegradable?
Chapter 13, Our Environment, is done. You have reached the end of your Class 10 Science book.