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Triangles – Congruence Theorems

Track quiz

Nine ideas, nine checks. The table comes first.

Nine things to remember about congruent triangles
IdeaHow it goes
SASTwo sides and the angle between them fix one triangle.
SSATwo sides and another angle can give two triangles.
RHSRight angle, hypotenuse and a leg fix one triangle.
AASTwo angles give the third. Then it is ASA.
Equal sidesThey give equal base angles.
Equal anglesThey give equal sides.
Counter-exampleOne failing case ends a claim that says always.
Matching partsEvery matching side and angle must be equal.
Apex bisectorIt halves the apex and the base. It meets the base at 90°.

Sides 9 and 4 with 30° between them. How many triangles fit?

  • Two, since the sides can move
  • One, since the angle sits between the sides
  • None

A 30° angle has 8 beside it and 5 opposite. How many triangles fit?

  • One
  • None
  • Two

A right triangle has hypotenuse 10 and a leg of 6. How long is the third side?

  • 4, from 10 − 6
  • 8
  • 16, from 10 + 6

Two angles are 72° and 47°. What is the third angle?

  • 61°
  • 119°
  • 25°

An isosceles triangle has base angles of 76°. What is the apex angle?

  • 104°
  • 28°
  • 76°

In triangle PQR, angle Q = angle R, and PQ = 8. How long is PR?

  • 4
  • It cannot be found
  • 8

A claim about triangles passes 200 tries. One case fails. What does that case do to the claim?

  • It ends the claim, since one case is enough
  • It weakens the claim a little
  • Nothing, since 200 cases pass

One triangle has sides 5, 7, 9. Another has sides 9, 5, 7. Are they congruent?

  • Yes, since the lengths match
  • No, since the order differs
  • No, since they may be turned differently

Triangle ABC has AB = AC and a base BC of 12. Its apex bisector meets BC at D. How long is BD?

  • 12
  • 24
  • 6

Next: 4-gons (Quadrilaterals). The same kind of reasoning, on four-sided figures.

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This track

  1. 0 Start here
  2. 1 SAS: two sides and the angle between
  3. 2 SSA can give two triangles
  4. 3 RHS: a right angle, the hypotenuse, a leg
  5. 4 AAS: two angles and any side
  6. 5 Equal sides give equal base angles
  7. 6 Checkpoint: SAS, SSA, RHS and AAS
  8. 7 Equal angles give equal sides
  9. 8 One counter-example ends a claim
  10. 9 Matching parts decide congruence
  11. 10 The apex bisector does three jobs
  12. 11 Checkpoint: converse, counter-example and bisector
  13. 12 The big picture
  14. 13 Track quiz

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