The big picture
Matter is made of tiny particles. How close they sit and how they move decide its state.
| Idea | Remember | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Pieces too small to see | Break a thing small. Each bit is still that substance. | Chalk powder |
| Gaps between them | Dissolved particles go into the gaps. | Sugar in water |
| They never stop moving | Particles spread. Warmth speeds them up. | Smell in a room |
| Three arrangements | Close and held, close and sliding, or far and free. | Iron, water, air |
| Warming them up | More vibration. Then melting. Then boiling. | Ice to water to steam |
| Squeezing | A gas squeezes. A liquid hardly does. | A syringe of air |
| What this picture explains | Ask how close, how strong, how free. | A stool, salty soup |
Open Chapter 7, Particulate Nature of Matter, in your NCERT book. Read it. Ask each time: how close, how strong, how free?