Lesson 2 of 13
Inside one cell
Show on a big screenLook at onion skin under a microscope. Every cell has parts inside.
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The rule
DNA is the set of instructions a cell follows.
A working part inside a cell is an organelle. Each organelle has its own job. The nucleus holds the DNA. Mitochondria release energy from food.
An organelle is a part of a cell with its own job. The cytoplasm is the jelly that fills the cell. The organelles are inside it.
Step 1 of 4
- The membrane is the cell's edge, all around it.
- The nucleus holds the DNA, inside its own edge.
- Mitochondria release energy from food, for the cell to use.
- Cytoplasm is the jelly filling the rest of the space.
Six organelles and their jobs
Proteins are large molecules that do jobs in cells. ATP is a small molecule that carries energy.
| Part | Its job |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | Holds the DNA. It controls the cell. |
| Ribosome | Makes proteins. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | A network that makes and moves proteins and fats. |
| Golgi apparatus | Sorts and packs materials, then sends them out. |
| Lysosome | Breaks down waste and worn-out parts. |
| Mitochondrion | Releases energy from food. The energy is stored in ATP. |
Rough ER has ribosomes on it. Smooth ER has none.
Try the lab to finish this lesson.