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A plant and an animal both do four jobs to stay alive.

A plant and an animal both run four life processes.

This is Chapter 5, Life Processes, in your NCERT Science book.

What you will learn

Four processes, one body. Nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion.
Makers and eaters. Autotrophs make food. Heterotrophs take it in.
A meal taken apart in steps. Digestion, stop by stop.
Respiration is chemistry. With oxygen, and without it.
Why big bodies need a pump. The heart and double circulation.
Moving water in plants. Transpiration pulls water up the xylem, a tube in the plant.
Filtering the blood. The kidney and its filters, the nephrons.
Where urine goes. From the kidneys to the bladder and out.
What plants do with waste. Plants remove waste more slowly.
How a leaf makes food. Photosynthesis: what goes in and what comes out.
Test a leaf for starch. Iodine shows what a leaf needs.
The path of air. From the nostrils to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs.
Where gases swap. Why alveoli are built the way they are.
What blood carries. Plasma, red cells and platelets.
White cells and lymph. Germ fighters, and the liquid that returns to blood.
Three kinds of tube. Arteries, veins and capillaries.
How much urine? The kidneys take back more or less water.

A plant makes its own food. It takes in simple raw materials.
Water up, food around. Two sets of pipes run through a plant.
What a body does with a meal. In, broken down, used.
Breathing is not respiration. Breathing moves air. Respiration releases energy.
Getting it around the body. Blood carries the digested food around.