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Lesson 12 of 13

8 min

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What a pair of linear equations can do, and how to tell
IdeaHow it goes
A pairTwo linear equations in two letters. A solution is one value for each.
A story becomes oneName the letters. Write one equation for each fact. Then solve.
The three ratiosUnequal first two: one solution. Equal first two, third differs: none. All equal: a whole line.
Zoom outCompare the ratios first. Use the picture to check. Let the algebra decide.
New clothesClear denominators, open brackets, gather. Multiply every term by the same number that is not 0. The line does not change.
Two methodsA letter alone invites substitution. Matching coefficients invite elimination.
Two odd endingsA false sentence means the facts clash. 0 = 0 means one fact said twice.
Reading it backCheck both equations. Answer the question. Ask if the story allows it.
Draw and readFind two points on each line. Join them. Read where they cross.

The first line is 2x + 3y = 9. Which second equation gives a parallel line?

  • `4x + 6y = 20`
  • `4x + 6y = 18`
  • `3x − 2y = 6`

A pen costs ₹5 more than a pencil. Let x be the pen and y the pencil. Which equation says that?

  • `x = y + 5`
  • `y = x + 5`
  • `x + y = 5`

What do the ratios say about 3x + 4y = 10 and 6x + 8y = 25?

  • They cross once.
  • They are the same line.
  • They run parallel.

Two lines look parallel in a small sketch. Their ratios a₁/a₂ and b₁/b₂ are not equal. What is true?

  • They are parallel, because the ratios are close.
  • They cross once, because the lines lean differently.
  • They are the same line, because both lines look alike.

Which is x/3 + y/2 = 4 in the form ax + by + c = 0?

  • `3x + 2y − 24 = 0`
  • `2x + 3y − 4 = 0`
  • `2x + 3y − 24 = 0`

For 2x + 5y = 16 and 2x − y = 4, which move cancels a letter?

  • Add
  • Subtract
  • Neither

Elimination ends on 0 = 7. What does that mean?

  • Every pair works.
  • No pair works.
  • The answer is 7.

x + y = 9 and x − y = 2 are about wins and losses, all whole games. The algebra gives x = 11/2 and y = 7/2. What is the answer?

  • No answer. A count of games is a whole number.
  • 6 wins and 3 losses. These whole games are close to the algebra.
  • 5 1/2 wins and 3 1/2 losses. The algebra gave these numbers.

To draw x + y = 7, you find two points on it. Which two points lie on the line?

  • (0, 7) and (7, 7)
  • (7, 0) and (0, 0)
  • (0, 7) and (7, 0)

Chapter 3 of your NCERT book is done. You can name a pair's verdict from six numbers. You can finish a story in the world it came from.

Next: Quadratic Equations. One letter is squared. One number decides how many real answers exist.

Reveal every answer to finish this lesson.